Posterior Oblique Sling. Human muscle system, the muscles of the human body that work the skeletal system, that are under voluntary control, and that are concerned with movement, posture, and balance. The posterior oblique subsystem contributes to propulsion when we walk, run or sprint. • Supine - also termed as “dorsal recumbent”. Oblique Posterior Atraumatic Lumbar (OPAL) System, Polymeric spinal fusion cage, non-sterile, OPAL Spacer 10 mm x 24 mm, 11 mm Height - Revolve. The Pivox Oblique Lateral Spinal System with Lateral Plate is an innovative interbody cage and plate engineered for the OLIF25 procedure. With a self-distracting bulleted nose, smooth medial-lateral surfaces, and rounded edges, IdentiTi PO has been thoughtfully engineered to improve implant insertion while protecting soft tissue and nerve roots. And we were trained to focus on them individually as well during rehabilitation after any injury, as if the human body works that way! The nomenclature for oblique films gets very confusing. Latissimus Dorsi 3. It can be progressed to standing on one foot instead of two. Results Breast pattern at mammography was fatty (ACR1 and ACR2) in 32 cases (80.0%) and dense (ACR3 and ACR4) in 18 cases. The Urinary System. The PIVOX™ Oblique Lateral Spinal System plate and bone screw components are indicated as a supplemental fixation device for the lumbosacral levels, anterior below the bifurcation (L5-S1) of the vascular structures, and oblique or lateral above the bifurcation (L1-L5) of the vascular structures. Place support under patient's head and under elevated hip and shoulder. This can be especially exaggerated and emphasised in such movements as below on the golf swing. system1). A ligament is the fibrous connective tissue that connects bones to other bones. The Posterior Chain-Posterior Oblique System. Hypothesis: The posterior oblique ligament is an important restraint to posterior tibial translation in the posterior cruciate ligament-deficient knee. (A) Surgical approaches to the lumbar spine for interbody fusion techniques. a) Central ray directed perpendicular. CARLSBAD, CA, April 19, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — SeaSpine Holdings Corporation (NASDAQ: SPNE), a global medical technology company focused on surgical solutions for the treatment of spinal disorders, today announced the limited commercial launch of its 3D-printed WaveForm TO (TLIF Oblique) Interbody System. A urogram (not shown) helped confirm right ureteral obstruction secondary to the stone. Patient is lying in his/her back facing upward. Oblique lateral locking plate system simulation placement. The Posterior Oblique System (PS) or sling consists primarily of the latissimus dorsi and the contralateral gluteus maximus (Figure 2). With a self-distracting bulleted nose, smooth medial-lateral … Superior oblique muscle (Musculus obliquus superior) The extraocular muscles are a group of six extrinsic muscles of the eye. It is also known as articular ligament, articular larua, fibrous ligament, or true ligament.Other ligaments in the body include the: Peritoneal ligament: a fold of peritoneum or other membranes. This sling crosses at the level of the lumbosacral junction and provides what is known as force closure to the sacroiliac … The superior oblique originates from the greater wing of the sphenoid bone deep in the medial side of the orbit, above the medial margin of the optic canal.. Insertion. The lats one one side of the body can contract, and absorb the force traveling across the thoracolumbar fascia from the gluteus maximus on the other side. posterior oblique radiograph of the pelvis shows a 6-mm ureteral calculus now projected onto the iliac bone (arrow). •Posterior Oblique Subsystem (POS) –Change in LPHC or Femoral Alignment •Excessive Forward Lean •Excessive Lordosis (APT) •Knees Bow In •Knees Bow Out •Asymmetrical Weight Shift –Under-active or over-active? From the case: Posterior oblique ligament injury. Annotated image. The inferior oblique muscle inserts at the posterior quadrant of the eyeball (inferolateral part), between the lateral and inferior recti muscles, and slightly posterior to the insertion of the superior oblique muscle. b) Central ray centered at the MSP, 2 inches (5 cm) above the superior border of the pubic symphysis. This article will focus on the posterior oblique system. Coronary Sinus. This system is used in conjunction with instrumentation that allows for both direct implant insertion and in-situ rotation. The anterior oblique position relates less radiation dose to the thyroid gland and better accommodates the diverging x-ray beam with the cervical lordosis. Anatomical Body Position. IdentiTi TLIF Posterior Oblique Porous Titanium Interbody Implant System. RG f Volume 21 Number 4 Dyer et al 801 The posterior oblique chain is the largest in your entire body. The posterior oblique subsystem is also of prime importance for other rotational activities such as swinging a golf club, a baseball bat, or throwing a ball. Subtle chondral irregularity of the lateral tibial plateau. This refers to how your lats and gluteus maximus work together during every day motion and sports motion. This is a functional fascial line utilised in any movement requiring rotation or rotational stability. United States Patent 6626905 . The medial ligament structures of the knee, including the superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL), the deep medial collateral ligament (dMCL), and the posterior oblique ligament (POL) within the posteromedial capsule (PMC), work together to restrain valgus and internal/external rotatory loads [27, 28, 33].The MCL is the most commonly injured ligament … This case shows how a calculus can be obscured by the complex sacral anatomy. Here are three exercises that can be used to target how these muscle groups work together: Squat to row: This can be done with a TRX, cable, or band. Dysfunction in this system puts the brakes on power, strength, speed, and performance. The femoral dMCL attachment was 6 mm (8%) distal and 5 mm (7%) posterior to the ME. The posterior oblique sling consists of the latissimus dorsi muscle, the op... lane2301. The weakening of the gluteus maximus and/or latissimus dorsi may also lead to increased tension in the hamstrings and may … When walking, the muscles of the posterior oblique sling provide trunk stability for extension and work together to help deliver power from the lower body to the upper body. activate the posterior oblique sling muscles by performing prone hip extension exercises. In addition, they are necessary for trunk stability for rotation and for promoting a mutual gait pattern between the upper and lower extremities2). The Posterior Oblique Sling runs diagonal across the SI joints from the latissimus dorsi (lats) to the opposite glute across the thoracolumbar fascia on the back of the pelvis. Dysfunction of any structure in the posterior oblique subsystem can lead to SIJ instability and low-back pain. The coronary sinus serves as the primary collector of cardiac venous blood and is located in the atrioventricular groove on the diaphragmatic surface of the heart [6-7]. During the swing phase of gait cycle, the eccentric control of leg and contralateral arm pulls the thoracolumbar fascia tight. ; Fetal remnant ligament: the remnants of a fetal tubular structure. The Anterior Oblique System (AS) consists of a working relationship between the oblique abdominal muscles and the contralateral adductor musculature and the intervening anterior abdominal fascia (Figure 3). Small amount of fluid around the ligaments in this region, also enveloping the distal adductor tendons, and the adductor tubercle. Subsystemdistributes transverse plane forces when the core and back are rotated. The sacrum is an irregularly-shaped bone, shaped roughly like an inverted triangle, with its base superior and apex inferior. It then fanned out anterodistally to a wide tibial attachment 8 mm below the plateau with the oblique anterior fibres attaching far more anterior than the sMCL at 17 mm (33%) A-P. If the patient’ left side is closer to the film than the right, then the view is a ‘left oblique’. The Reef TO Interbody System is designed for posterior lumbar interbody procedures and accommodates both direct impact insertion and insert-and-rotate techniques. -posterior (margo posterior) - Inferior (margo inferior) 2 Surfaces -costal (facies costalis) - medial (facies mediastinus) - anterior (mediastinal) - posterior (vertebral) ... oblique fissure in the mid-axillary line. IdentiTi TLIF Posterior Oblique Porous Titanium Interbody Implant System. Fluoroscopy image of IdentiTi TLIF Posterior Oblique Porous Titanium Interbody Implant (Alphatec) Alphatec Holdings announced today the commercial release of its IdentiTi TLIF Posterior Oblique Titanium Interbody Implant System (IdentiTi PO) for transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion procedures. The superior oblique inserts into the posterior, superior, and lateral surface of the eyeball.. Action. Furthermore, if the patient is turned so they are obliquely facing the film, that is with their anterior side closer to the film than their posterior, the view is an ‘anterior oblique’. Thread design minimizes cross-threading. RG f Volume 21 Number 4 Dyer et al 801 Well designed instrumentation for reproducible results. The five primary interbody fusion approaches are shown here schematically: anterior (ALIF), lateral or extreme lateral interbody fusion (LLIF or XLIF), oblique lumbar interbody fusion/anterior to psoas (OLIF/ATP), transforaminal (TLIF or MI-TLIF), and posterior (PLIF); (B) surgical approaches to … The Posterior Chain-Posterior Oblique System 1. the oblique abdominal muscles and the contralateral (opposite) adductor muscles via the anterior abdominal fascia. 21 terms. Rectus sheath. Oblique Posterior Atraumatic Lumbar (OPAL) System, Polymeric spinal fusion cage, non-sterile, OPAL Spacer 10 mm x 24 mm, 11 mm Height - Revolve. The Anterior Oblique System (AS) The oblique abdominal muscles, working with core muscles, are primarily responsible for creating the energy that initiates normal gait (walking). -- Select -- Biceps brachii Deltoid Diaphragm Extensor carpi ulnaris External oblique Flexor carpi radialis Gastrocnemius Gluteus maximus Gluteus medius Gracilis Hamstrings Latissimus dorsi Masseter Orbicularis oris Pectoralis major Sartorius … The Posterior Oblique Sling (POS) comprises of your opposite Latissimus Dorsi to Glute Max as well as the Biceps Femoris hamstring to the same side Glute (not seen in this pic). Between these muscle groups is a sheet of fascia that crosses your abdomen. The importance of the posterior oblique ligament in repairs of acute tears of the medial ligaments in knees with and without an associated rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament. the oblique abdominal muscles and the contralateral (opposite) adductor muscles via the anterior abdominal fascia. Positioning Terms. After the completion of percutaneous posterior transdiscal oblique screw fixation, about 3.5 cm lateral skin incision was made, the lateral of intervertebral disc was achieved by blunt dissection with finger or artery forceps, two pieces of long retractor blades were implanted first (Fig. With a self-distracting bulleted nose, smooth medial-lateral … Two unilateral implants vs three from competitive systems. The accessory nerve (CN XI) exits the cranial cavity, descends down the neck, innervates sternocleidomastoid and enters the posterior triangle. c) Instructing the patient to suspend respiration after exhalation. posterior oblique radiograph of the pelvis shows a 6-mm ureteral calculus now projected onto the iliac bone (arrow). 6. What anatomy is demonstrated in the posterior oblique projection of the pelvis/acetabulum when centered to the upside acetabulum? Designed to accommodate a traditional and an “insert and rotate” TLIF technique. Rectus sheath. L. lane2301. The DIVERGENCE-L™ Anterior/Oblique Lumbar Fusion System is not intended for posterior surgical implantation. It helps you with everything from walking to stabilizing the lumbar spine, sacroiliac joint (SI Joint) and hips (lumbopelvic), as well as transferring force through your upper and lower extremities. The posterior oblique sling dictates that the opposite hip extensor/glute and lat work together to create a coiling sensation. It is divided into an anterior and posterior layer which interdigate in the median line (linea alba).Above the arcuate line (about 4-5 cm caudal of the umbilicus) the anterior layer consists of the aponeuroses of the internal and external oblique and the posterior layer is made up the aponeuroses of the internal oblique and transverse abdominis. The oblique abdominals, like the adductors, serve to provide stability and mobility in gait. This sling stabilizes the SI joints (back two pelvic joints that connect the sacrum to the ilium), lumbar spine (low back), and hips. This muscular system diagram shows the major muscle groups from the back or posterior view. From the case: Posterior oblique ligament injury. The CASCADIA AN Lordotic-Oblique 3D Interbody System includes a full range of implant sizes carefully designed to accommodate the vertebral anatomy and aid in the restoration of proper sagittal balance in the lumbar spine. Gross anatomy It is located posterior to the medial collateral ligament (MCL) and is composed of the intermediate and deep medial capsular layer 1-4. These are the superior rectus, lateral rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, superior oblique and inferior oblique muscles. This case shows how a calculus can be obscured by the complex sacral anatomy. A myofascial sling that plays a critical role in trunk extension is the posterior oblique sling, which is composed of erector spina, hamstring, gluteal maximus (GM), and latissimus dorsi muscles. The 27 Best Exercises to Sculpt Your ObliquesPallof Press. The Pallof press is an anti-rotation exercise, so the key is keeping your torso totally locked-in. ...Copenhagen Plank. ...Offset Dumbbell Squat. ...Single-Arm Overhead Press. ...Single-Arm Farmer’s Carry. ...Side Plank. ...Single-Leg Side Plank. ...Side Plank and Row. ...T-Rotation. ...Core Stabilization. ...More items... METHODS: An electromyography system was used to measure the activation of the posterior oblique sling muscles (latissimus dorsi, gluteus maximus, multifidus, and biceps femoris) in three different prone hip extension exercises of in An OLIF is a surgical technique for spinal problems that minimizes cutting to muscles and uses a […] Posterior Oblique System (POS) 1. The posterior oblique sling is a cross-body pattern comprised of the gluteus maximus, thoracolumbar fascia (TLF) and contralateral latissimus dorsi muscle, which connects the shoulder with the opposite hip to facilitate locomotion. They also act on the sacrotuberous ligaments thereby compressing the SI joint. The coronary sinus is the largest cardiac vein in terms of diameter. Lordosis of implant designed on a 25° oblique insertion technique to optimize lordosis. Example of Exercises to Enhance the Posterior Oblique System: 30 The tendon of insertion changes direction as it passes through the trochlea to run in a posterior direction and lies inferior to the superior rectus muscle. Pulmonary pleura extends into the fissures of the lungs so … • Prone - also termed as ”ventral recumbent position”. The Posterior Oblique Sling (POS) comprises of your opposite Latissimus Dorsi to Glute Max as well as the Biceps Femoris hamstring to the same side Glute (not seen in this pic). Purpose: To determine the incidence of all meniscal tears and, more specifically, the … The posterior oblique sling connects the shoulder joint to your hip. VEM lecture recording - Outer Unit Systems: Posterior Oblique System (POS).Recording from lecture. Concurrently, the contralateral Posterior oblique subsystem concentrically contracts throughout the gait cycle , which in turn pulls the contralateral side of the thoracolumbar fascia. Simple posterior approach. One size structural allograft implant (8x10x25mm) Familiar prone patient position. The length of the lateral plate is limited by the distance between the superior and inferior segmental arteries after the intervertebral cage is placed. Posterior oblique lumbar arthrodesis . Broadly considered, human muscle—like the muscles of all vertebrates—is often divided into striated muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle. Anterior Oblique Subsystem (External Obliques, Abdominal Sheath, Contralateral Adductors - may include: Rectus Abdominis, Internal Obliques and Pectoralis Major). Easy insertion with self-centering instruments. The anterior oblique system (AOS) is basically the front-side mirror image of the posterior oblique system. Mild knee joint effusion. Posterior oblique Deep longitudinal subsystem (dls) Subsystem of the global movement system that includes the peroneus longus, anterior tibialis, long head of the biceps femoris, sacrotuberous ligament, thoracumbar fascia, and erector spinae. CARLSBAD, Calif., March 01, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — SeaSpine Holdings Corporation (NASDAQ: SPNE), a global medical technology company focused on surgical solutions for the treatment of spinal disorders, today announced the full commercial launch of the Reef TO (TLIF Oblique) Interbody System. During this drill the lifter would essentially row up or pull with the right arm which in turn would fire the left glute/hip. Tapered nose design for easy insertion. According to this embodiment, a bilateral vertebral fixation system is used to provide posterior spinal column support and an intervertebral implant used to provide anterior spinal column support. Specifications. The Reef TO Interbody System is designed for posterior … The posterior oblique sling works to stabilize the SI joints, by counteracting the forces that affect the joint at this angle. The posterior oblique sling is a cross-body pattern comprised of the gluteus maximus, thoracolumbar fascia (TLF) and contralateral latissimus dorsi muscle, which connects the shoulder with the opposite hip to facilitate locomotion. It can be used together at one or two contiguous levels from L2 to S1 without the need for additional posterior fixation. Five sizes of cross links available to span 37mm- 80mm for increased construct stability. Moreover, the It is also a key contributor to rotational forces such as swinging a … CONTRAINDICATIONS. Contraindications include, but are not limited to: Any case needing to mix metals from different components. External abdominal oblique muscle originates from the external surfaces of ribs 5-12.The attaching fibers interdigitate with those of serratus anterior and latissimus dorsi, forming a zig-zag oblique line on the lateral side of thorax.. From here, the muscle fibers fan out towards the midline and inferior margins of abdomen; the most posterior fibers course almost vertically, … After the oblique subcostal TAP block, the operation table will be slightly turned left laterally for better visualization of the blocking area. Contralateral gluteus maximus *Contributes to the force closure of the sacroiliac joint, and is a significant contributor to load transference through the pelvic girdle during rotational activities and during gait. Every time we move we move our connective tissues will create toque, tension, softness. 8.5 N-m (~6.3lbf-ft ) Torque locking set screws. Posterior oblique sling In university, when we studied anatomy we were taught to dissect the body and memorize every single muscle individually: origin, insertion, action, and innervation. AccessGUDID - PIVOX™ Oblique Lateral Spinal System (00643169594227)- PLATE 2140001 OLIF25 2-HOLE PLATE SMALL It is divided into an anterior and posterior layer which interdigate in the median line (linea alba).Above the arcuate line (about 4-5 cm caudal of the umbilicus) the anterior layer consists of the aponeuroses of the internal and external oblique and the posterior layer is made up the aponeuroses of the internal oblique and transverse abdominis. Longus colli/ Longus cervicis (3 portions: superior oblique, inferior oblique, vertical) Lateral Vertebral Muscles (Paravertebral) [edit | edit source] Scalenes - anterior, middle, posterior and minimus scalene muscles Posterior Vertebral Muscles [edit | edit source] These can be further divided into intrinsic and extrinsic muscles. 1994 Sep;76(9):1328-44. doi: 10.2106/00004623-199409000-00008. Surface allows for cell adhesion and bone cell proliferation 2,3,4,5,6,7. Attachments Squat to row: This can be done with a TRX, cable, or band. It is curved with an anterior concavity and posterior convexity. Background: Posterior cruciate ligament injuries are often associated with injuries to other structures. This is a functional fascial line utilised in any movement requiring rotation or rotational stability. The lumbar spine oblique view is used to visualize the articular facets and pars interarticularis of the lumbar spine. This article discusses and compares various fusion techniques, including Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion (OLIF) surgery. Youtube. However, the PA oblique projection is preferred as it reduces radiation dose to the thyroid 1 compared to the AP oblique projection. It is usually combined with posterior pedicle screw fixation to decrease perioperative complications. Subtle chondral irregularity of the lateral tibial plateau. middle, or posterior third of the breast and determined by two lines parallel to the edge of pectoralis major muscle at medio-lateral oblique (MLO) view, or to the edge of image at cranio-caudal (CC) view. The superior oblique muscle is the longest and thinnest of the extraocular muscles because of its long (2.5 cm) tendon of insertion. The superior oblique muscle is situated in the upper medial portion of the orbit, adjacent to its medial wall. The muscle is located superior to medial rectus and medial to both the superior rectus and levator palpebrae superioris muscles. Gluteus Maximus 2. Dysfunction in this system puts the brakes on power, strength, speed, and performance. Thoracolumbar fascia 3. For posterior obliques (RPO and LPO), the posterior aspect of the patient’s shoulder is placed against the Bucky and the body angled 45 degrees with the grid. Latissimus dorsi 2. The muscles that attach to the outer gluteal lip of the crest are (from anterior to posterior) the tensor fascia latae and the iliotibial tract anterior to the iliac tubercle, external and internal oblique abdominal muscles, and latissimus dorsi, which has a very small site of attachment posterior to the internal oblique muscle (Figs. The Posterior Oblique Subsystem (POS) Lower Trapezius, Latissimus Dorsi, Thoracolumbar Fascia (Superficial Posterior Layer) and Contralateral Gluteus Maximus, and potentially Contralateral Gluteus Medius (via the gluteal fascia) and Serratus Posterior Inferior 1–4, screws 1–4; A, anterior; P, posterior. A urogram (not shown) helped confirm right ureteral obstruction secondary to the stone. Results of long-term follow-up J Bone Joint Surg Am. Interconnected porosity design mimics bone 8,9,10,11. By utilizing an oblique lateral approach to the spine, this procedure enables placement of a large interbody graft into the disc space for anterior column support while avoiding obstacles associated with traditional anterior, posterior and/or direct lateral approaches. In addition, they are necessary for trunk stability for rotation and for promoting a mutual gait pattern between the upper and lower extremities. The trochlear nerve (/ ˈ t r ɒ k l ɪər /), also called the fourth cranial nerve or CN IV, is a motor nerve (a somatic efferent nerve) that innervates just one muscle: the superior oblique muscle of the eye, which operates through the pulley-like trochlea.. Posterior oblique system & core stabilisation – Part 2. This refers to how your lats and gluteus maximus work together during every day motion and sports motion. Superior obliqueOrigin. The superior oblique originates from the greater wing of the sphenoid bone deep in the medial side of the orbit, above the medial margin of the optic canal.Insertion. The superior oblique inserts into the posterior, superior, and lateral surface of the eyeball.Action. ...Innervation. ...Blood supply. ... Origin. This variation takes advantage of this system. All in all, a strong core includes your back. Shown in this video clip is a 4 step progression for the POSTERIOR OBLIQUE SLING. Example of Exercises to Enhance the Posterior Oblique System: This article will focus on the posterior oblique system. Patients requiring surgery may choose a motion-preserving surgery (if available to them) or they may require a fusion surgery. To see a muscular system picture from the anterior (front) view click here. INTRODUCTION. 2.1.1.1 Anterior Oblique Sling (AOS) 2.1.1.2 Posterior Oblique Sling (POS) 2.1.1.3 Deep Longitudinal Sling; 2.1.1.4 Lateral Sling; 2.2 Integrated Model of Function; 2.3 Other considerations to note: Primary movers in anterior and posterior pelvic tilt; 3 Neurodynamics. - Standing or Erect Position of the body with all anterior surfaces facing forward while the arms are down with palms forward. It consists of two lines of muscle and fascia, each running diagonally from the sides of your waist to the front of each inner thigh. When walking, the muscles of the posterior oblique sling provide trunk stability for extension and work together to help deliver power from the lower body to the upper body. Reduction instruments that allow for up to 45mm of rod reduction. Oblique radiological aspect of the sacroiliac joints allows to view the joint space, auricular surface of the hipbone, the lateral part of the sacral ala. The Anterior Oblique System (AS) The oblique abdominal muscles, working with core muscles, are primarily responsible for creating the energy that initiates normal gait (walking). Thoracolumbar Fascia As the inserting tendons of the inferior and superior oblique muscles pass each other, they lie in the same oblique vertical plane. The role of the posteromedial structures of the knee in these injuries has received little attention. Includes the latissimus dorsi,the contralateral/ opposite gluteus maximus and biceps femoris. hannah_elizabeth865. What is an OLIF? The system features access design that can be adjusted for maximum visibility, functionality, and unimpeded access to known clinical and anatomical landmarks, and integrates with our comprehensive fixation, biologics, and interbody portfolio, featuring a wide range of expandable and next-generation static cages. IdentiTi TLIF Posterior Oblique Porous Titanium Interbody Implant System. Introduction. The femoral POL attachment was 4 mm (5%) proximal and 11 mm (15%) posterior to the ME. d) Placing the patient in the supine position with the shoulders and hips in the same transverse plane. If patient cannot stand or sit, take posterior obliques on table. It crosses the posterior triangle in an oblique, inferoposterior direction, within the investing layer of fascia. The latissimus dorsi and gluteus maximus muscles are linked obliquely to the posterior spine by the thoracolumbar fascia, and this is referred to as the posterior oblique sling system 1).When walking, the muscles of the posterior oblique sling provide trunk stability for extension and work together to help deliver power from the lower body to the upper … The posterior layer is made up of the posterior lamina of the internal oblique aponeurosis and the tranverse abdominal aponeurosis. Posted on November 1, 2009.Filed under: Corrective Exercise, Fitness, Program Design | Tags: functional anatomy, functional training, gluteus maximus, posterior oblique system | Personal Trainers…make sure you are training the Posterior Oblique Sub-System correctly! A Classification System Based on Arthroscopic ... (ACL) disruption, a posterior horn lateral meniscal oblique radial tear (LMORT), has not been thoroughly described. Small amount of fluid around the ligaments in this region, also enveloping the distal adductor tendons, and the adductor tubercle. Oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) is a minimally invasive decompression technique used in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases (LDDs). The posterior oblique ligament (POL) belongs to the medial supporting structures of the knee and is one of the five components of the posteromedial corner (PMC) of the knee. The AP oblique cervical spine projections are supplementary views to the standard AP, odontoid and lateral images in the cervical spine series and are always done bilaterally for comparison purposes.
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